Because of this novel, Rizal's return to the Philippines in 1887 was cut short when he was targeted by police.
The book was banned in the Philippines, though copies were smuggled in. He also wrote his first novel, Noli Me Tangere ( Touch Me Not/The Social Cancer), a work that detailed the dark aspects of Spain's colonial rule in the Philippines, with particular focus on the role of Catholic friars. While in Europe, José Rizal became part of the Propaganda Movement, connecting with other Filipinos who wanted reform. In 1882, he traveled to Spain to complete his medical degree. A brilliant student who became proficient in multiple languages, José Rizal studied medicine in Manila. On June 19, 1861, José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda was born in Calamba in the Philippines' Laguna Province. Although he supported peaceful change, Rizal was convicted of sedition and executed on December 30, 1896, at age 35. He returned to the Philippines in 1892 but was exiled due to his desire for reform. While living in Europe, José Rizal wrote about the discrimination that accompanied Spain's colonial rule of his country.
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